(Hazard statements / H statements)
Hazard statements form part of the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). They are intended to form a set of standardized phrases about the hazards of chemical substances and mixtures that can be translated into different languages. As such, they serve the same purpose as the well-known R-phrases, which they already have replace.
Hazard statements are one of the key elements for the labelling of containers under the GHS, along with
· One or more hazard pictograms (where necessary)
· A signal word − either Danger or Warning − where necessary
· Precautionary statements, indicating how the product should be handled to minimize risks to the user (as well as to other people and the general environment)
· The identity of the supplier (who might be a manufacturer or importer)
Each hazard statement is designated a code, starting with the letter H and followed by three digits. Statements which correspond to related hazards are grouped together by code number, so the numbering is not consecutive. The code is used for reference purposes, for example to help with translations, but it is the actual phrase which should appear on labels and safety data sheets.
Physical hazards:
H200 Unstable explosive
H201 Explosive; mass explosion hazard
H202 Explosive; severe projection hazard
H203 Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard
H204 Fire or projection hazard
H205 May mass explode in fire
H220 Extremely flammable gas
H221 Flammable gas
H222 Extremely flammable aerosol
H223 Flammable aerosol
H224 Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour
H226 Flammable liquid and vapour
H227 Combustible liquid
H228 Flammable solid
H229 Pressurized container: may burst if heated
H230 May react explosively even in the absence of air
H231 May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature
H240 Heating may cause an explosion
H241 Heating may cause a fire or explosion
H242 Heating may cause a fire
H250 Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air
H251 Self-heating; may catch fire
H252 Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire
H260 In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously
H261 In contact with water releases flammable gas
H270 May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer
H271 May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer
H272 May intensify fire; oxidizer
H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated
H281 Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury
H290 May be corrosive to metals
Health hazards:
H300 Fatal if swallowed
H301 Toxic if swallowed
H302 Harmful if swallowed
H303 May be harmful if swallowed
H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways
H305 May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways
H310 Fatal in contact with skin
H311 Toxic in contact with skin
H312 Harmful in contact with skin
H313 May be harmful in contact with skin
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H315 Causes skin irritation
H316 Causes mild skin irritation
H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction
H318 Causes serious eye damage
H319 Causes serious eye irritation
H320 Causes eye irritation
H330 Fatal if inhaled
H331 Toxic if inhaled
H332 Harmful if inhaled
H333 May be harmful if inhaled
H334 May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled
H335 May cause respiratory irritation
H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness
H340 May cause genetic defects (Define route if it is finally shown that the danger can not be generated by any other
exposure).
H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects (Define route if it is finally shown that the danger can not generated by any other route).
H350 May cause cancer (Define route if it is finally shown that the danger can not generated by any other route).
H351 Suspected of causing cancer (Define route if it is finally shown that the danger can not generated by any other route).
H360 May damage fertility or the unborn child (angiv specifik effekt, hvis kendt) (Define route if it is finally shown that the
danger can not generated by any other route)
H361 Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child (angiv specifik effekt, hvis kendt) (Define route if it is finally shown
that the danger can not generated by any other route).
H361d Suspected of damaging the unborn child (Define route if it is finally shown that the danger can not generated by any other route)
H362 May cause harm to breast-fed children
H370 Causes damage to organs (or state all organs affected, if known) (Define route if it is finally shown that the danger can not
generated by any other route).
H371 May cause damage to organs (or state all organs affected, if known) (Define route if it is finally shown that the danger can
not generated by any other route).
H372 Causes damage to organs (or state all organs affected, if known) through prolonged or repeated exposure (Define route
if it is finally shown that the danger can not generated by any other route).
H373 May cause damage to organs (or state all organs affected, if known) through prolonged or repeated exposure (Define
route if it is finally shown that the danger can not generated by any other route).
Environmental hazards:
H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
H401 Toxic to aquatic life
H402 Harmful to aquatic life
H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
H413 May cause long-lasting harmful effects to aquatic life
H420 Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere
The European Union:
The European Union has implemented the GHS through the CLP Regulation. Nevertheless, the older system based on the Dangerous Substances Directive will continue to be used in parallel until 2016. Some R-phrases which do not have simple equivalents under the GHS have been retained under the CLP Regulation: the numbering mirrors the number of the previous R-phrase.
Physical properties:
EUH 001 Explosive when dry
EUH 006 Explosive with or without contact with air
EUH 014 Reacts violently with water
EUH 018 In use may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture
EUH 019 May form explosive peroxides
EUH 044 Risk of explosion if heated under confinement
Health properties:
EUH 029 Contact with water liberates toxic gas
EUH 031 Contact with acids liberates toxic gas
EUH 032 Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas
EUH 066 Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking
EUH 070 Toxic by eye contact
EUH 071 Corrosive to the respiratory tract
Environmental properties:
EUH 059 Hazardous to the ozone layer; superseded by GHS Class 5.1 in the second adaptation to technical progress of CLP.
Other EU hazard statements:
Some other hazard statements intended for use in very specific circumstances have also been retained under the CLP Regulation. Note that, in this case, the numbering of the EU specific hazard statements can coincide with GHS hazard statements if the “EU” prefix is not included.
EUH 201/201A Contains lead. Should not be used on surfaces liable to be chewed or sucked by children. Warning! Contains lead.
EUH 202 Cyanoacrylate. Danger. Bonds skin and eyes in seconds. Keep out of the reach of children.
EUH 203 Contains chromium(VI). May produce an allergic reaction.
EUH 204 Contains isocyanates. May produce an allergic reaction.
EUH 205 Contains epoxy constituents. May produce an allergic reaction.
EUH 206 Warning! Do not use together with other products. May release dangerous gases (chlorine).
EUH 207 Warning! Contains cadmium. Dangerous fumes are formed during use. See information supplied by the manufacturer. Comply with
the safety instructions.
EUH 208 Contains (name of sensitising substance). May produce an allergic reaction.
EUH 209/209A Can become highly flammable in use. Can become flammable in use.
EUH 210 Safety data sheet available on request.
EUH 401 To avoid risks to human health and the environment, comply with the instructions for use.